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1.
Rev. Finlay ; 13(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514825

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud la diabetes causa 300 000 muertes al año en América Latina y el Caribe y en la provincia Cienfuegos desde el año 2020 se ubica como séptima causa de fallecimientos. Objetivo caracterizar la mortalidad por diabetes mellitus en la provincia Cienfuegos en los primeros nueve meses del año 2020. Métodos: se realizó una investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud de tipo descriptiva a partir de una serie de casos para caracterizar la mortalidad por diabetes mellitus en Cienfuegos en los primeros nueve meses del año 2020. Los fallecidos se compilaron teniendo en cuenta: sexo, edad, color de la piel, nivel de escolaridad, lugar de residencia, estrato territorial, enfermedad, factores de riesgo asociados y causas de muertes directas. Se emplearon la media aritmética y la desviación estándar. Los resultados se presentan en forma de tablas y gráficos. Resultados la mayor afectación estuvo en las últimas décadas de la vida para el género femenino, así como la residencia en un territorio urbano, están entre las primeras causas directas de muerte el tromboembolismo pulmonar, así como la insuficiencia renal crónica agudizada, se destaca el desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico en un número considerable de las defunciones. Conclusiones las últimas décadas de la vida fueron las más afectadas y el sexo femenino, las principales causas de muerte fueron: el tromboembolismo pulmonar y la insuficiencia renal crónica agudizada. El desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico sobresale en un considerable número de los fallecidos.


Foundation: according to the World Health Organization, diabetes causes 300,000 deaths a year in Latin America and the Caribbean and in the Cienfuegos province since 2020 it ranks as the seventh cause of death. Objective: to characterize mortality from diabetes mellitus in the Cienfuegos province in the first nine months of 2020. Methods: a descriptive investigation was carried out on health systems and services based on a series of cases to characterize mortality from diabetes mellitus in Cienfuegos in the first nine months of 2020. The deceased were compiled taking into account: sex, age, skin color, educational level, place of residence, territorial stratum, disease, associated risk factors and direct causes of death. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used. The results are presented in the form of tables and graphs. Results: the greatest affectation was in the last decades of life for the female gender, as well as residence in an urban territory, among the first direct causes of death are pulmonary thromboembolism, as well as acute chronic renal failure; hydroelectrolytic imbalance stands out in a considerable number of deaths. Conclusions: the last decades of life were the most affected and the female sex, the main causes of death were: pulmonary thromboembolism and acute chronic renal failure. The hydroelectrolytic imbalance stands out in a considerable number of the deceased.

2.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 40(1)mar. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1430762

ABSTRACT

La autopsia médico legal en Costa Rica, en casos sospechosos de intoxicación por cocaetileno se debe realizar bajo las normas establecidas en la Guía de estándares de trabajo para la Sección de Patología Forense del Departamento de Medicina Legal. El análisis del mecanismo fisiopatológico de cómo estas sustancias provocan alteraciones en el organismo que pueden conllevar a un eventual fallecimiento corresponde a parte del análisis requerido en la investigación ante la sospecha de esta causa de muerte. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este artículo es describir los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que ocurren durante el consumo combinado de cocaína y etanol, los mecanismos que conllevan a la muerte de personas consumidoras de estas sustancias y las consideraciones médico legales a tomar en cuenta para el diagnóstico de esta causa de muerte. Se realizó revisión de artículos científicos, sobre los efectos del uso combinado de la cocaína y el etanol. La literatura describe que el uso combinado de cocaína y etanol potencia los efectos farmacocinéticos y bioquímicos de cada una de estas sustancias, que su derivado, el cocaetileno, es capaz de generar por sí mismo los mecanismos causantes de la muerte. Que los principales mecanismos fisiopatológicos que conllevan la muerte ante el uso combinado de estas sustancias son de origen cardiovascular y hepático. Como consideraciones médico legales a tomar en cuenta para el diagnóstico de esta manera de muerte accidental, en la Sección de Toxicología del Departamento de Ciencias Forenses de Costa Rica, la cuantificación del cocaetileno y las sustancias relacionadas no se realiza, aunque se encuentra actualmente en el desarrollo de un proyecto para la determinación de la estabilidad de las drogas en sangre bajo las condiciones de almacenamiento, con el fin de ofrecer la posibilidad de cuantificar ciertas drogas (en donde se podría incluir el cocaetileno) en un futuro próximo.


Medical-legal autopsy in Costa Rica, in suspected cases of cocaethylene poisoning must be performed under the regulations established in the Work Standards Guide for the Forensic Pathology Section of the Department of Legal Medicine. The analysis of the pathophysiological mechanism of how these substances cause alterations in the organism that can lead to eventual death corresponds to part of the analysis required in the investigation when this cause of death is suspected. Therefore, the objective of this article is to describe the pathophysiological mechanisms that occur during the combined consumption of cocaine and ethanol, the mechanisms that lead to the death of people who consume these substances, and the medico-legal considerations to be considered for the diagnosis. of this cause of death. A review of scientific articles was carried out on the effects of the combined use of cocaine and ethanol. The literature describes that the combined use of cocaine and ethanol enhances the pharmacokinetic and biochemical effects of each one of these substances, that its derivative, cocaethylene, can generate the mechanisms that cause death by itself. That the main pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to death in the combined use of these substances are of cardiovascular and hepatic origin. As legal medical considerations to take into account for the diagnosis of this type of accidental death, in the Toxicology Section of the Department of Forensic Sciences of Costa Rica, the quantification of cocaethylene and related substances is not carried out, although it is currently in the development of a project for the determination of the stability of drugs in blood under storage conditions, in order to offer the possibility of quantifying certain drugs (which could include cocaethylene) in the near future.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cause of Death , Cocaine/adverse effects , Ethanol/analysis , Poisoning
3.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 57-65, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984181

ABSTRACT

Lung is the largest organ of the respiratory system. During hypoxia, pulmonary cells undergo rapid damage changes and activate the self-rescue pathways, thus leading to complex biomacromolecule modification. Death from mechanical asphyxia refers to death due to acute respiratory disorder caused by mechanical violence. Because of the absence of characteristic signs in corpse, the accurate identification of mechanical asphyxia has always been the difficulty in forensic pathology. This paper reviews the biomacromolecule changes under the pulmonary hypoxia condition and discusses the possibility of application of these changes to accurate identification of death from mechanical asphyxia, aiming to provide new ideas for related research.


Subject(s)
Humans , Asphyxia/pathology , Cause of Death , Hypoxia/pathology , Lung/pathology , Forensic Pathology
4.
Rev. bras. estud. popul ; 40: e0244, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1521754

ABSTRACT

Resumo O Brasil é um país marcado por forte desigualdade socioeconômica entre as regiões, que, por sua vez, se traduz em diferenciais regionais de mortalidade. Para um bom monitoramento desses diferenciais, é importante uma análise não apenas dos níveis médios de mortalidade, mas também da variação da idade à morte na população. Esse artigo analisa a contribuição das causas de óbito sobre as mudanças na esperança de vida e na dispersão da idade à morte no Brasil e grandes regiões entre 2008 e 2018. Os resultados sugerem aumento dos diferenciais regionais na esperança de vida ao longo da década analisada. No entanto, as diferenças regionais na dispersão da idade à morte se mantiveram praticamente constantes. As mudanças na mortalidade por causa impactam de maneiras diferentes a dispersão da idade à morte em cada região: a redução da mortalidade por causas externas contribui substantivamente para diminuir a variação da idade à morte nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, enquanto a contribuição das mortes por afecções originadas no período perinatal foi substantiva apenas na região Nordeste. Por fim, reafirmamos a importância dos indicadores de dispersão da idade à morte para se ter uma visão mais ampla dos diferenciais regionais de mortalidade no Brasil.


Abstract Brazil is a country marked by substantial socioeconomic inequality among regions, which translates into regional differentials in mortality. For better monitoring these differentials, it is important to analyze not only population average mortality levels, but also the age at death variation. This article analyzes cause-of-death contributions to changes in life expectancy and age-at-death variation in Brazil and its regions between 2008 and 2018. Our results suggest an increase in regional inequalities in life expectancy over the decade. However, regional differences in age-at-death variation remained nearly constant. Changes in mortality by cause impact the age-at-death variation differently in each region: the reduction in mortality from external causes substantially contributed to decreasing the variation in age at death in the South and Southeast regions, whereas the contribution of deaths from conditions originating in the perinatal period was substantive only in the Northeast region. Finally, we reaffirm the importance of age-at-death dispersion indicators to have a broader view of Brazil's regional differentials in mortality.


Resumen Brasil es un país marcado por fuertes desigualdades socioeconómicas entre sus regiones, lo que traduce a su vez se en diferencias regionales en la mortalidad. Para un buen seguimiento de estos diferenciales es importante analizar no solo los niveles medios de mortalidad, sino también la variación de la edad de la muerte en la población. Este artículo analiza la contribución de los grupos de causas de defunción sobre los cambios en la esperanza de vida al nacer y la dispersión de la edad al morir en Brasil y las grandes regiones entre 2008 y 2018. Nuestros resultados sugieren un aumento de las diferencias regionales en la esperanza de vida a lo largo de la década. Sin embargo, las diferencias regionales en la dispersión de la edad al morir se mantuvieron prácticamente constantes. Los cambios en la mortalidad por causas repercuten de forma diferente en la dispersión de la edad al fallecer en cada región: la reducción de la mortalidad por causas externas contribuyó de forma sustantiva a disminuir la variación de la edad al morir en las regiones Sur y Sureste, mientras que la contribución de las muertes por afecciones originadas en el período perinatal fue sustantiva en la región Noreste. Por último, reafirmamos la importancia de los indicadores de dispersión de la edad al morir para tener una visión más general de los diferenciales regionales de mortalidad en Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Mortality , Cause of Death , Health Transition , Respiratory Tract Diseases , Cardiovascular Diseases , Chronic Disease , Communicable Diseases , Endocrine System Diseases
5.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 32(3): e2023024, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514118

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: to describe software performance in the automatic selection of the underlying cause of death in Peru, between 2016 and 2019. Methods: this was a descriptive study on the software performance in the automated selection of the underlying cause of death over the years (chi-square test for trend) and the correlation between the type of death certificate and software performance (correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination). Results: a total of 446,217 death certificates were analyzed; the proportion of death certificates with the underlying cause of death increased from 69.6% in 2016 to 78.8% in 2019 (p-value < 0.001); it could be seen a direct linear correlation between electronic death certificates and software performance (correlation coefficient = 0.95; R2 = 0.89). Conclusion: the software showed good performance in the automatic selection of the underlying cause of death, with a significant increase between 2016 and 2019.


Resumen Objetivo: describir el desempeño de un software en la selección automática de la causa básica de muerte en Perú, entre 2016 y 2019. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de la tendencia del desempeño de un software para seleccionar la causa básica de muerte a través de los años (chi cuadrado de tendencia) y la correlación entre los certificados de defunción electrónicos y el desempeño del software (coeficientes de correlación y determinación). Resultados: se analizaron 446.217 certificados; la proporción de certificados con causa básica de muerte aumentó de 69,6% en 2016 a 78,8% en 2019 (p-valor < 0,001); se observó una correlación lineal directa entre certificados electrónicos y el desempeño del software (coeficiente de correlación = 0,95; R2 = 0,89). Conclusión: el software presentó un buen desempeño en la selección de la causa básica de muerte y aumentó significativamente entre 2016 y 2019.


Resumo Objetivo: descrever o desempenho de um software na seleção automática da causa básica de morte no Peru, entre 2016 e 2019. Métodos: estudo descritivo do desempenho de um software na seleção automatizada da causa básica de morte ao longo dos anos (teste qui-quadrado de tendência) e da correlação entre a forma de declaração de óbito e o desempenho do software (coeficientes de correlação e determinação). Resultados: foram analisadas 446.217 declarações de óbito; a proporção de declarações com causa básica de morte aumentou de 69,6%, em 2016, para 78,8%, em 2019 (p-valor < 0,001); observou-se correlação linear direta entre as declarações eletrônicas de óbito e o desempenho do software (coeficiente de correlação = 0,95; R2 = 0,89). Conclusão: o software apresentou bom desempenho na seleção automática da causa básica de morte, com aumento significativo entre 2016 e 2019.

6.
Ann. afr. méd. (En ligne) ; 16(2): 5074-5081, 2023. tables, figures
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1425850

ABSTRACT

Contexte et objectifs. Les données sur la tendance de la mortalité maternelle sont fragmentaires en Afrique Subsaharienne. La présente étude avait pour objectif de faire une analyse triennale de l'évolution du taux de mortalité maternelle et identifier les causes de décès. Méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude observationnelle documentaire, sur la mortalité maternelle enregistrée ; au Centre hospitalo universitaire de Constantine, entre le 1er Janvier 2012 et le 31 Décembre 2017. Résultats. Soixante-dix décès maternels ont été déplorés. Le taux de mortalité maternelle est de 101,3 décès pour 100 000 naissances vivantes. Les hémorragies obstétricales et les complications hypertensives de la grossesse sont les premières causes de mortalité. L'analyse des données triennales met en évidence une baisse importante de la mortalité par hémorragie et par complications de l'anesthésie. Conclusion. Cette étude a permis de dresser un profil des causes de la mortalité maternelle dont les niveaux restent inquiétants et requièrent une action globale.


Subject(s)
Humans , Maternal Mortality , Hemorrhage , Cause of Death , Maternal Death
7.
China Tropical Medicine ; (12): 362-2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-979691

ABSTRACT

@#Abstract: Objective To further investigate the underreporting of mortality surveillance data among permanent residents in Hainan Province in 2020, and to explore the application of Application of the Analysis of National Causes of Death for Action (ANACONDA) in the quality analysis of mortality surveillance. Methods The data were collected from the Death Information Monitoring and Management System of Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and mainly included 33 418 deaths reported from 19 cities and counties in Hainan Province from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. All the data were analyzed by the application of ANACONDA, and the causes of death were classified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Results A total of 33 418 deaths were reported in Hainan Province in 2020, with a crude mortality rate of 3.6‰. The proportion of deaths in males under 85 years old was higher than that in females, while the proportion of deaths in 85 years old and above was opposite. The quality analysis of cause of death surveillance showed that there was under-reporting of death surveillance in Hainan Province in 2020, with an under-reporting rate of 30.1%. There were differences in the age composition and GBD regional composition ratio of deaths of the three major categories of diseases, and the misreporting of causes of death in the middle and high age groups was more significant. The Vital Statistics Performance Index (VSPI) score of death data in Hainan Province in 2020 was 52.8, the score of cause of death reporting quality was 85.5, and the score of specific cause of death level that could be used was 88.4. The completeness of death reports in the priority action areas for improving cause of death data quality accounted for the largest share, followed by the quality of cause of death reports. There was a difference in the proportion of specific causes of death between males and females after the survey, but the change in order was not obvious. Conclusions The data integrity of cause-of-death surveillance is low in Hainan Province in 2020. It is suggested to improve the completeness of reporting data, strengthen the training of cause-of-death surveillance system, and regularly evaluate and supervise the system.

8.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 330-334, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1003863

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the distribution, survival conditions, and medical support of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as pneumoconiosis) patients in Zhangdian District, Zibo City. Methods A total of 1 189 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients in Zhangdian District from 1956 to 2019 were selected as the study subjects using retrospective method. Data of their age of onset, years of occupational exposure, category of working industry, type of pneumoconiosis, and status of medical support was collected and analyzed. Results The median and the 25th-75th percentiles [M (P25, P75)] of the age of onset were 51.8 (45.5, 56.1) years, and the mortality was 37.0%. The majority of pneumoconiosis cases were silicosis (45.2%) and coal workers' pneumoconiosis (39.8%). The highest prevalence of pneumoconiosis was in the coal mining and washing industry (42.4%), followed by manufacturing (33.4%). Pneumoconiosis patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ accounted for 89.1%, 8.7%, and 2.2%, respectively. The M (P25, P75) of the length of work exposed to dust were 24.1 (16.5, 29.9) years.The higher stage of pneumoconiosis the shorter of the length of work exposed to dust among these pneumoconiosis patients(all P<0.05). The overall survival rate, the 5-year survival rate and the 10-year survival rate of these pneumoconiosis patients were 63.0%, 92.3% and 85.9%, respectively. Among the 749 surviving cases, 60.8% were aged 60.0 to <80.0 years. In terms of social security, 100.0% surviving cases enjoyed basic medical insurance, meanwhile, 96.1% and 81.8% patients were covered by major medical insurances and occupational injury insurances, respectively. The M (P25, P75) of age at death were 73.1 (64.0, 77.1) years. The main causes of death were respiratory diseases (59.3%) and malignant tumors (20.4%). Conclusion The prevalent types of pneumoconiosis in Zhangdian District, Zibo City, are coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis. Medical support and assistance are relatively limited. The pneumoconiosis prevention and control focus should be on silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis, particularly in the manufacturing industry.

9.
Rev. medica electron ; 44(5): 799-810, sept.-oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409768

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la diabetes mellitus, considerada uno de los principales problemas de salud a nivel mundial, es de las enfermedades que más caras resultan a la sociedad, debido a su alta y temprana mortalidad. Objetivos: caracterizar el comportamiento de la mortalidad causada por la diabetes mellitus en el municipio de Colón, en los últimos once años. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de la base de datos de fallecidos de la Dirección Municipal de Salud del municipio de Colón, desde el 1 de enero de 2011 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2021. Fueron seleccionados 221 sujetos con diabetes mellitus como causa básica de muerte. Las variables independientes fueron: año de fallecimiento, sexo, edad y causa directa de muerte. Los resultados se analizaron con estadística descriptiva, a través del paquete SPSS. Resultados: tendencia creciente de la mortalidad, más acentuada en el año 2021, en el que fallecieron 38 diabéticos. Predominio en mujeres (134) con respecto a hombres (87), y en el grupo etario de 65 años y más (67,4 %). Se identificaron como más frecuentes causas de muerte las enfermedades del corazón (24 %), la bronconeumonía (20,4 %) y la insuficiencia renal crónica (14,9 %). Conclusiones: en el municipio de Colón, la mortalidad por diabetes mellitus ha mostrado una tendencia al alza durante los últimos once años; el predominio en mujeres, personas mayores de 65 años, y las enfermedades del corazón como causas directas de muerte, caracterizaron su comportamiento.


ABSTRACT Introduction: diabetes mellitus, considered one of the main health problems worldwide, is among the diseases resulting more expensive to society, because of its high and early mortality. Objective: to characterize the behavior of mortality caused by diabetes mellitus in the municipality of Colon, in the last eleven years. Materials and methods: descriptive, retrospective study of the database of deaths from the Municipal Health Department of the municipality of Colon, from January 1st 2011 to December 31st, 2021. 221 subjects with diabetes mellitus with diabetes mellitus main cause of death were chosen. The independent variables were: year of death, gender, age and direct cause of death. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, through SPSS package. Results: increasing tendency of mortality, more accentuated in 2021, when 38 diabetic patients died. Women (134) predominated over men (87) and predominated also the age group of 65 years and over (67.4 %). Hearth diseases (24 %), bronchopneumonia (20.4 %), and chronic renal failure (14.9 %) were identified as more frequent causes of death. Conclusions: mortality due to diabetes mellitus has showed an increasing tendency during the last eleven years; the predominance in women, people over 65 years, and hearth diseases as direct causes of death characterized its behavior.

10.
Rev. cuba. med ; 61(3)sept. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441670

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hemodiálisis es la terapia de remplazo renal más utilizada en Latinoamérica y en Cuba. Se calcula que para el año 2030 la cantidad de pacientes que inician el tratamiento de reemplazo renal a nivel mundial aumentará a más del 50 % con respecto al año 2010. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes en tratamiento de hemodiálisis iterada. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, de todos los pacientes en tratamiento de HDI del Instituto de Nefrología "Dr. Abelardo Buch López" (INEF), fallecidos en el período 2013-2018. Los datos se obtuvieron del registro de fallecidos, del registro de pacientes en hemodiálisis y de la historia clínica. El procesamiento fue realizado de forma automatizada (IBM Spss 22.0). Se calcularon tasas brutas de mortalidad y fue utilizada la técnica de análisis de distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad del período resultó ser 20,3 por cada 100 pacientes. El 60,9 % de los pacientes fallecidos tenían entre 60 y 79 años de edad. La hipertensión arterial (HTA) fue la enfermedad de base más frecuente (55,5 %), y la comorbilidad predominante (87,3 %). El 53,6 % de los pacientes fallecidos empleaba catéter venoso central, y el 70 % tenía menos de 5 años en HD. La principal causa de muerte fue la enfermedad cardiovascular (46,4 %). Conclusiones: En el INEF la mortalidad en hemodiálisis se comportó de manera estable. Similar a otros reportes de servicios de hemodiálisis, los fallecidos se caracterizaron en su mayoría por tener catéter venoso central para hemodiálisis y menos de cinco años en el tratamiento. Las causas de muerte presentaron el mismo patrón que las reportadas en análisis nacionales e internacionales.


Introduction: Hemodialysis is the most used renal replacement therapy in Latin America and in Cuba. It is estimated that by the year 2030 the number of patients starting therapy worldwide will increase to more than 50% compared to 2010. Objectives: To characterize the patients undergoing iterated hemodialysis treatment. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study of all patients undergoing repeated hemodialysis treatment, who deceased in the period 2013-2018 was carried out at Dr. Abelardo Buch López Institute of Nephrology. The processing was done in an automatically (IBM Spss 22.0). Gross mortality rates were calculated and the frequency distribution analysis technique was used. Results: The mortality rate for the period was 20.3 per 100 patients. 60.9% of the deceased patients were between 60 and 79 years of age. Arterial hypertension was the most frequent underlying disease (55.5%), and the predominant comorbidity (87.3%). 53.6% of the deceased patients used a central venous catheter, and 70% had been on hemodialysis for less than 5 years. The main cause of death was cardiovascular disease (46.4%). Conclusions: At Dr. Abelardo Buch López Institute of Nephrology mortality in hemodialysis behaved in a stable manner. Similar to other reports of hemodialysis services, the deceased were mostly characterized by having a central venous catheter for hemodialysis and less than five years in treatment. The causes of death showed the same pattern as those reported in national and international analyses.

11.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 21(4)ago. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1441925

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las tasas de mortalidad "por" hipertensión arterial subestiman el impacto de esta causa en la mortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar el cambio de la contribución de la hipertensión arterial como causa de muerte, al involucrar todas sus menciones en el certificado de defunción en Cuba en el periodo 2013-2019. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de las defunciones ocurridas en Cuba entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2019. Se calcularon las Tasas de Mortalidad "por" (causa básica) y "con" hipertensión arterial (causas múltiples). Además, se determinaron las causas básicas más asociadas a la mención de esta afección. Resultados: Los riesgos de morir "por" y "con" hipertensión arterial evidencian un ascenso. El segundo es, como promedio, cuatro veces mayor que el primero; lo que significa que el análisis de mortalidad "por· HTA continúa infravalorando el papel de esta afección dentro de los procesos que causan muerte. Ambos riesgos son mayores para hombres y para los adultos de 85 años y más. Como promedio, en 15,7 por ciento de las defunciones se mencionó a la HTA en alguna de las partes del certificado; sin embargo, solo en 3,8 por ciento fue declarada como causa básica. Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares y las del corazón son las dos causas básicas en las que la HTA es más frecuentemente causa asociada. Conclusiones: La contribución de la hipertensión arterial a la mortalidad es mayor a lo que traduce el análisis tradicional. Disponer de estimaciones de causas múltiples fortalecería la planificación en salud y potenciaría los análisis de carga de enfermedad(AU)


Introduction: Mortality rates "due to" arterial hypertension underestimate the impact of this cause on mortality. Objective: To determine the change in the contribution of arterial hypertension to the cause of death, by analyzing all its mentions in the death certificates in Cuba in the period 2013-2019. Material and Methods: A descriptive observational study of deaths that occurred in Cuba between January 2013 and December 2019 was carried out. Mortality rates "due to" (basic cause) and "with" arterial hypertension (multiple causes) were calculated. In addition, the most common underlying causes associated with the mention of this condition were determined. Results: The risks of dying "due to" and "with" arterial hypertension show an increase. The second risk is, on average, four times higher than the first one, which means that the analysis of mortality "due to" arterial hypertension continues to underestimate the role of this condition within the processes causing death. Both risks are higher for men and adults aged 85 years and older. On average, arterial hypertension was mentioned in some parts of the certificates in 15,7 percent of the deaths registered during the period; however, it was declared as the basic cause only in 3,8 percent of them. Cerebrovascular and heart diseases are the two underlying causes in which arterial hypertension is the most frequently associated cause. Conclusions: The contribution of arterial hypertension to mortality is greater than that identified in the traditional analysis. Having estimates of multiple causes would strengthen health planning and enhance the analyses of disease burden(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Mortality , Hypertension/mortality
12.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 51(2): e1765, abr.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408836

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El 30 de enero de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró a la infección por SARS-CoV-2 una emergencia internacional de salud pública. La autopsia, considerada el mejor método de estudio del enfermo y la enfermedad, corrobora que los pacientes pueden morir por la acción directa del virus (fallecidos por la COVID-19), mientras que otros positivos al SARS-CoV-2, no mostraron cambios morfológicos pulmonares atribuidos a la acción del virus. Se propone establecer los criterios diagnósticos morfológicos en el contexto de la epidemia por el SARS-CoV-2 y la COVID-19 en los fallecidos en Cuba, a partir del estudio sistemático de las autopsias. Se han identificado los patrones morfológicos que se establecen en los pulmones de los pacientes fallecidos bajo el efecto de la COVID-19. El edema pulmonar de permeabilidad con el ensanchamiento de tabique pulmonar, el depósito de la membrana hialina desorganizada en el interior de los alveolos, el desprendimiento de células epiteliales (neumocitos y células bronquiales y bronquiolares), seguida de la hiperplasia epitelial con presencia en ocasiones de cambios metaplásicos y atipias, y finalmente, la fibrosis. Cuando se realizan autopsias, es posible ubicar cada enfermedad en su lugar, en el cronopatograma, lo que permite realizar el reparo de los certificados de defunción, para evaluar el lugar que la COVID-19 ha ocupado como causa de muerte en la población estudiada. En criterio del colectivo, identificar en las alteraciones morfológicas, es imprescindible para elaborar el cronopatograma del fallecido y la adecuada evaluación clínico patológica del paciente.


ABSTRACT On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared SARS-CoV-2 infection an international public health emergency. The autopsy, considered the best method of studying the patient and the disease, corroborates that patients can die from the direct action of the virus (who died from COVID-19), while others positive for SARS-CoV-2 did not show morphological lung changes attributed to the action of the virus. It is proposed to establish the morphological diagnostic criteria in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 epidemic in the deceased in Cuba based on the systematic study of autopsies. The morphological patterns that are established in the lungs of patients who died under the effect of COVID-19 have been identified. The pulmonary edema of permeability with the widening of the pulmonary septum, the deposit of the disorganized hyaline membrane inside the alveoli, the detachment of epithelial cells (pneumocytes and bronchial and bronchiolar cells), followed by epithelial hyperplasia with sometimes the presence of metaplastic changes and atypia, and finally, fibrosis. When autopsies are performed, it is possible to locate each disease in its place, in chronopathogram, which allows death certificates repair to be carried out to assess the place that COVID-19 has occupied as a cause of death in the population studied. In the opinion of the group, identifying morphological alterations is essential to prepare the chronopathogram of the deceased and the adequate clinical-pathological evaluation of the patient.

13.
Rev. medica electron ; 44(3)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409741

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: el cáncer colorrectal constituye la tercera causa de muerte por tumores malignos en Cuba. Su estadio en el momento del diagnóstico es el predictor más importante de supervivencia, por lo que al analizar las causas de muerte se puede conocer la precocidad en su detección. Objetivo: determinar las principales causas de muerte de los pacientes fallecidos por cáncer colorrectal. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de las causas de muerte en 149 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal como causa primaria de muerte en el municipio de Colón, entre el 1 de enero de 2016 y el 31 de diciembre de 2020, notificados en el Registro de Fallecidos de la Dirección Municipal de Salud. Las variables independientes utilizadas fueron: sexo, grupos etarios, edad, causa directa de muerte, causa de sepsis. Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino en los pacientes fallecidos por cáncer colorrectal (53 %). La mortalidad se incrementó a partir de los 60 años de edad (124 pacientes, para un 83,2 %). La causa directa de muerte predominante fue la toxemia cancerígena (61,1 %), seguida de la sepsis (28,1 %) y el tromboembolismo pulmonar (3,4 %). Conclusiones: las causas de muerte de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal en el municipio Colón, en el quinquenio 2016-2020, fueron indicativas de enfermedad neoplásica en estadio avanzado y de diagnóstico tardío.


ABSTRACT Introduction: colorectal cancer is the third cause of death due to malignant cancer in Cuba. Its stage at the time of diagnosis is the most important predictor of survival, so when analyzing the causes of death it is possible to know the precocity in its detection. Objective: to determine the main causes of death in patients who died of colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: a retrospective descriptive study of the causes of death was carried out in 149 patients with colorectal cancer as the primary cause of death in the municipality of Colon, between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020, recorded in the Death Registry of the Municipal Health Directorate. The independent variables used were: gender, age groups, age, direct cause of death, cause of sepsis. Results: female sex predominated in patients who died due to colorectal cancer (53 %). Mortality increased after the age of 60 years (124 patients, for 83.2 %). The predominant direct cause of death was carcinogenic toxemia (61.1 %), followed by sepsis (28.1 %) and pulmonary thromboembolism (3.4 %). Conclusions: the causes of death of patients with colorectal cancer in the municipality of Colón in the five-year period 2016-2020 period were indicative of advanced stage neoplastic disease and late diagnosis.

14.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390293

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la insuficiencia cardíaca presenta una elevada mortalidad intrahospitalaria y tras el alta, siendo una causa frecuente de reingreso hospitalario por descompensación cardíaca. Objetivos: determinar las causas de muerte en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia cardíaca internados Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, en el periodo 2017 - 2021 Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de corte trasverso, que incluyó a 103 adultos, de ambos sexos, con insuficiencia cardíaca. Resultados: la edad media fue 60 ± 14 años (27 - 92 años), la mayoría de los pacientes eran varones (54,37%), de procedencia urbana (57,28 %), con estudios primarios (65,05%), secundarios (31,07%) y con comorbilidades (99,03%). La principal comorbilidad fue la hipertensión arterial (28,16%). Las principales patologías intercurrentes fueron las patologías de causa infecciosa (56,25%). La media de la fracción de eyección fue 43 ± 11% (17 - 68%). La patología cardiaca más frecuente fue la cardiopatía hipertensiva (53,40%) seguida de la isquémica (35,92%). La media del BNP fue 1823 pg/dL. La mayoría de los pacientes tenían una fracción de eyección disminuida (70,87%) seguida de la conservada (29,13%). La mortalidad fue 41,7%. La principal causa de muerte fue la causa extracardiaca (62,79%) con las patologías infecciosas como la más común (44,44%). Al analizar los factores relacionados con la mortalidad se constató que la edad ≥ 60 años y el presentar patología intercurrente estuvo relacionado con la mortalidad (p< 0,05). Conclusiones: la mortalidad fue 42% y la principal causa de muerte fue de causa extra cardiaca (62,7%), siendo las patologías intercurrentes de causa infecciona las más frecuentes. Los predictores de mortalidad fueron la edad igual o mayor a 60 años y la presencia de patologías intercurrentes (p <0.05).


ABSTRACT Introduction: Heart failure presents a high in-hospital and after discharge mortality, being a frequent cause of hospital readmission due to cardiac decompensation. Objectives: To determine the causes of death in adult patients with heart failure admitted to the National Hospital, Itauguá, Paraguay, in the period 2017 - 2021. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive observational cross-sectional study, which included 103 adult men and women with heart failure. Results: The mean age was 60±14 years (27-92 years), most of the patients were men (54.37%), of urban origin (57.28%), with primary studies (65.05%), secondary (31.07%) and with comorbidities (99.03%). The main comorbidity was arterial hypertension (28.16%). The main intercurrent pathologies were pathologies of infectious cause (56.25%). The mean ejection fraction was 43±11% (17-68%). The most frequent cardiac pathology was hypertensive heart disease (53.40%) followed by ischemic heart disease (35.92%). The mean BNP was 1823 pg/dL. Most of the patients had a decreased ejection fraction (70.87%) followed by a preserved one (29.13%). Mortality was 41.7% and the main cause of death was extracardiac (62.79%) with infectious pathologies as the most common (44.44%). When analyzing the factors related to mortality, it was found that age ≥ 60 years and presenting intercurrent pathology was related to mortality (p<0.05). Conclusions: Mortality was 42% and the main cause of death was non-cardiac (62.7%), with intercurrent pathologies caused by infection being the most frequent. The predictors of mortality were age equal to or greater than 60 years and the presence of intercurrent pathologies (p <0.05).

15.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 94(1)mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409103

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La atención a la adolescencia debe dirigirse hacia el fomento de conductas que se ven reflejadas en los indicadores de mortalidad. Objetivo: Caracterizar la mortalidad y sus causas, en los adolescentes de 10-18 años, fallecidos en el decenio 2009-2018. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, realizado en el Hospital Pediátrico Docente "Juan Manuel Márquez''. Los 164 adolescentes de 10-18 años de edad fallecidos, constituyeron el universo. Los registros del movimiento hospitalario, historias clínicas e informes de Anatomía Patológica de los fallecidos fueron las fuentes de información utilizadas. Entre las variables estudiadas: edad, sexo, procedencia, causa del fallecimiento y año de ocurrencia. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad fue inferior a 1/100 egresos; predominaron las defunciones en el grupo de 15-18 años (51,9 %), el sexo femenino (50,6 %) y la procedencia de La Habana (53,4 %). Los tumores y enfermedades malignas provocaron casi la mitad de las muertes (48,7 %), seguidos de las lesiones no intencionales (19,7 %). Conclusiones: La mortalidad en los adolescentes fue similar en ambos sexos y edades, con tendencia a la disminución, donde los tumores malignos y las lesiones no intencionales constituyeron las principales causas que se presentaron durante todo el periodo.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Attention to adolescence should be directed towards the promotion of behaviors that are reflected in mortality indicators. Objective: Characterize mortality and its causes in adolescents between 10-18 years of age who died in the decade 2009-2018. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at "Juan Manuel Márquez" Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The 164 teenagers aged 10-18 who died constituted the sample. Hospital movement records, medical records and Pathological Anatomy reports of the deceased were the sources of information used. Among the variables studied were: age, sex, origin, cause of death and year of occurrence. Results: The mortality rate was less than 1/100 discharges; deaths predominated in the group of 15-18 years (51.9 %), the female sex (50.6 %) and being from Havana (53.4 %). Tumors and malignant diseases caused almost half of the deaths (48.7%), followed by unintentional injuries (19.7%). Conclusions: Mortality in adolescents was similar in both sexes and ages, with a tendency to decrease, where malignant tumors and unintentional lesions were the main causes that occurred throughout the period.

16.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 14(supl.1): 46-46, feb. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387617

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN El impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 sobre la mortalidad abarca tanto sus efectos directos, las defunciones atribuidas al virus SARS-CoV-2, como indirectos sobre otras causas de muerte. "El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la variación sobre causas de muerte no COVID-19 en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante 2020 MÉTODOS Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de base poblacional, utilizando fuentes secundarias. Se analizó la variación en la mortalidad por causas específicas codificadas según CIE-10, desagregadas a nivel de capítulo y grupos. Las variaciones entre las causas de muerte observadas y esperadas se compararon mediante el método de P-score respecto al quinquenio inmediato anterior (2015-2019) RESULTADOS Todos los capítulos CIE-10 estudiados se ubican por debajo del promedio de la serie histórica. La mayor variación se registra en causas externas (-20,0%), enfermedades del sistema respiratorio (-9,1%), tumores (-8,1%), enfermedades nutricionales, endocrinas y metabólicas (-5,7%) y finalmente enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (-2,2%) DISCUSIÓN Se observó la existencia de un reemplazo variable de otras causas de defunción por muertes COVID-19 durante 2020. El análisis de causas múltiples resultó de utilidad para reestimar, en el caso del grupo de influenza (gripe) y neumonías, la participación global de la COVID-19 en la cadena de eventos que contribuyeron al deceso.


ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality encompasses both its direct effects, deaths attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as indirect on other causes of death. The objective of the study was to determine the variation in non- COVID-19 causes of death in the province of Buenos Aires during 2020 METHODS A population-based descriptive study was carried out using secondary sources. Specific causes of death coded according to ICD-10, disaggregated by chapter and group, were analyzed. To determine whether there were variations between the observed and expected causes of death, the values of the study period were compared with the immediately preceding five-year period (2015-2019) using the P-score method RESULTS All the ICD-10 chapters studied are below the average of the historical series. The greatest variation appears in the chapter External Causes (-20.0%), Diseases of the Respiratory System (-9.1%), Neoplasms (-8.1%), Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases (-5.7%) and, finally, Diseases of the Circulatory System (-2.2%) DISCUSSION There is a variable change of other causes of death by COVID-19 deaths during 2020. The analysis of multiple causes was useful to re-estimate, in the case of the group of influenza (flu) and pneumonia, the global participation of COVID-19 in the chain of events that contributed to the death.

17.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 25(284): 7012-7026, jan-2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1371108

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a mortalidade materna no estado da Paraíba entre os anos 2004 a 2014 e descrever as causas da mortalidade materna. Método: Estudo descritivo, documental, retrospectivo, quantitativo. Foi realizada uma pesquisa no banco de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, no ano de 2017, e os dados foram coletados anualmente e estudados, Resultados: Verificou-se maior número de óbitos em mulheres com idade entre 30 a 39 anos (40,3%), solteiras (43,7%), pardas (70,2%), com 4 ­ 7 anos de estudos (19%). Além disso, enfatizam-se como causas de mortalidade materna na Paraíba as Síndromes hipertensivas (32,9%), destacando-se a eclâmpsia (13,6%), em seguida as síndromes hemorrágicas (18%). Conclusão: Há necessidade de criar novas medidas para reduzir a taxa de mortalidade materna na Paraíba.(AU)


Objective: to analyze maternal mortality in the state of Paraíba between 2004 and 2014 and describe the causes of maternal mortality. Method: Descriptive, documentary, retrospective, quantitative study. A search was carried out in the database of the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System, in 2017, and the data were collected annually and studied. Results: There was a higher number of deaths in women aged between 30 and 39 years (40.3%), single (43.7%), brown (70.2%), with 4 ­ 7 years of schooling (19%). In addition, hypertensive syndromes (32.9%) stand out as causes of maternal mortality in Paraíba, highlighting eclampsia (13.6%), followed by hemorrhagic syndromes (18%). Conclusion: There is a need to create new measures to reduce the maternal mortality rate in Paraíba(AU)


Objetivo: analizar la mortalidad materna en el estado de Paraíba de 2004 a 2014 y describir las causas de la mortalidad materna. Método: Estudio descriptivo, documental, retrospectivo, cuantitativo. Se realizó una búsqueda en la base de datos del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud, en 2017, y los datos fueron recolectados y estudiados anualmente.Resultados: Hubo un mayor número de defunciones en mujeres de 30 a 39 años (40,3% ), soltero (43,7%), moreno (70,2%), con 4 - 7 años de escolaridad (19%). Además, los síndromes hipertensivos (32,9%) se destacan como causas de mortalidad materna en Paraíba, destacando la eclampsia (13,6%), seguida de los síndromes hemorrágicos (18%). Conclusión: Es necesario crear nuevas medidas para reducir la tasa de mortalidad materna en Paraíba.(AU)


Subject(s)
Maternal Mortality , Cause of Death , Maternal Death
18.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 31(3): e2022491, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404733

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar as características e a tendência temporal das taxas de mortalidade na população de 5 a 14 anos em Mato Grosso e no Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal, sobre dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. As análises foram descritivas e de tendência, utilizando-se o modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão (joinpoint) com cálculo da variação média no período (VMP). Resultados: no Brasil e em Mato Grosso, os óbitos foram predominantemente masculinos, evitáveis e por causas externas. Foi identificada tendência decrescente no Brasil (5 a 9 anos VMP: -2,9; IC95% -4,3;-1,6 e 10 a 14 anos VMP: -2,5; IC95% -3,3;-1,8) e estacionária em Mato Grosso (5 a 9 anos VMP: -2,0; IC95% -5,6;1,7 e 10 a 14 anos VMP: -0,1; IC95% -5,9;6,1). Conclusão: a tendência estável da mortalidade em patamares elevados demanda intervenções urgentes, visando a sua redução.


Objetivo: analizar las características y la tendencia temporal de las tasas de mortalidad en la población de 5 a 14 años en Mato Grosso y Brasil, desde 2009 hasta 2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico de serie temporal, sobre datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de tendencia, utilizando el modelo de regresión por puntos de inflexión (joinpoint) y el cálculo de la variación media del periodo (VMP). Resultados: en Brasil y Mato Grosso, las muertes fueron predominantemente masculinas, evitables y por causas externas. Se identificó una tendencia decreciente en Brasil (5 a 9 años VPP: -2,9; IC95% -4,3;-1,6 y 10 a 14 años VMP: -2,5; IC95% -3,3;-1,8) y una tendencia estacionaria en Mato Grosso (5 a 9 años VMP: -2,0; IC95% -5,6;1,7 y 10 a 14 años VMP: -0,1; IC95% -5,9;6,1). Conclusión: la tendencia estacionaria de la mortalidad en niveles altos exige intervenciones urgentes orientadas a reducirla.


Objective: to analyze the characteristics and temporal trend of mortality rates in the population aged 5 to 14 years in Mato Grosso state and in Brazil, from 2009 to 2020. Methods: this was an ecological time-series study, based on data taken from the Mortality Information System. Descriptive and trend analyses were performed, using the joinpoint regression model and calculating the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Results: in Brazil and in Mato Grosso state, deaths were predominantly male, preventable and due to external causes. A falling trend was identified for Brazil (5-9 years AAPC: -2.9; 95%CI -4.3;-1.6 and 10-14 years AAPC: -2.5; 95%CI -3.3;-1.8), while a stationary trend was found in Mato Grosso (5-9 years AAPC: -2.0; 95%CI -5.6;1.7 and 10-14 years AAPC: -0.1; 95%CI -5.9;6.1). Conclusion: the stable trend of mortality at high levels demands urgent interventions to reduce it.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Mortality/trends , Cause of Death/trends , Child Mortality/trends , Brazil/epidemiology , Time Series Studies , External Causes
19.
Femina ; 50(4): 230-235, 2022. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380694

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico das mortes maternas ocorridas em uma maternidade pública de Manaus no período de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2019. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo e retrospectivo realizado a partir de dados contidos em prontuários médicos do Serviço de Arquivo Médico e Estatística (SAME) da Maternidade Ana Braga na cidade de Manaus-AM. A amostra foi constituída por pacientes admitidas na Maternidade Ana Braga e que evoluíram com óbito no ciclo gravídico puerperal, que consiste em grávidas, em trabalho de parto, que deram à luz ou que abortaram dentro de um período de até 42 dias. Resultados: Foram avaliados 29 prontuários de pacientes que foram a óbito no ciclo gravídico puerperal. Essas mulheres tinham entre 14 e 42 anos de idade. Quanto à escolaridade, 56,3% delas tinham ensino médio. Quanto à etnia, as mulheres negras e pardas representaram a maioria, as solteiras, o maior percentual. No óbito materno, observou-se que 10 mulheres realizaram menos de seis consultas pré-natal, a principal via de parto foi a cesariana e o choque séptico foi o mais prevalente como causa de morte. Conclusão: Esse resultado sugere a necessidade de avaliação do acesso oportuno das gestantes à assistência pré-natal, ao parto e ao puerpério adequada, além de melhorias na promoção de políticas públicas que busquem a redução da mortalidade materna.(AU)


Objective: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of maternal deaths that occurred in a public maternity hospital in Manaus from January 2016 to December 2019. Methods: This is a descriptive and retrospective study carried out based on data contained in medical records doctors from the Medical Archive and Statistics Service (SAME) of the Ana Braga Maternity Hospital in the city of Manaus-AM. The sample consisted of patients admitted to the Ana Braga Maternity Hospital and who died in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, which consists of pregnant women, in labor, who gave birth or who aborted within a period of up to 42 days. Results: Were evaluated 29 records of patients who died in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, these women were between 14 and 42 years old, and 56.3% had high school education. As for ethnicity, black and brown women represented the majority, single women the highest percentage. In maternal death, it was observed that 10 women had less than six prenatal consultations, the main mode of delivery was cesarean section and septic shock was the most prevalent cause of death. Conclusion: This result suggests the need to assess the timely access of pregnant women to adequate prenatal care, childbirth and postpartum care, in addition to improvements in the promotion of public policies that seek to reduce maternal mortality.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Maternal Mortality , Cause of Death , Shock, Hemorrhagic/mortality , Shock, Septic/mortality , Health Profile , Brazil/epidemiology , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Women's Health , Pregnancy, High-Risk
20.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 75(1): e20220027, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1407408

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the risks of deaths in the first 24 hours of life and their preventable causes. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out in Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil, between 2000-2019, with mortality and live birth data. The avoidability was analyzed through the Brazilian List of Avoidable Causes of Deaths due to Interventions of the Unified Health System. For the statistical analyses, Pearson's chi-squared test and relative and attributable risks were used. Results: 13,601 deaths were registered, of which 10,497 (77.19%) were from preventable causes. Of the total, 5,513 (40.53%) were reducible through adequate care for women during pregnancy. The lower the gestational age, birth weight and education level, the higher the relative and attributable risk of death in the first 24 hours of life. Conclusions: most of the deaths were considered avoidable and with high relative and attributable risks. These early deaths suggest care failures and the need to reinforce prevention and treatment measures.


RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar los riesgos de muerte en las primeras 24 horas de vida y sus causas prevenibles. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado en Pernambuco, Nordeste de Brasil, entre 2000-2019, con datos de mortalidad y nacidos vivos. La evitabilidad fue analizada por la Lista Brasileña de Causas de Muerte Evitables por Intervenciones del Sistema Único de Salud. Para los análisis estadísticos se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y los riesgos relativos y atribuibles. Resultados: fueron registradas 13.601 muertes, de las cuales 10.497 (77,19%) se debieron a causas evitables. Del total, 5.513 (40,53%) fueron reducibles mediante una atención adecuada a la mujer durante el embarazo. Cuanto menor es la edad gestacional, el peso al nacer y el nivel educativo, mayor es el riesgo relativo y atribuible de muerte en las primeras 24 horas de vida. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las muertes se consideraron evitables y de alto riesgo relativo y atribuible. Estas muertes precoces sugieren fallas en la atención y la necesidad de reforzar las medidas de prevención y tratamiento.


RESUMO Objetivos: analisar os riscos de mortes nas primeiras 24 horas de vida e suas causas evitáveis. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil, entre 2000-2019, com dados de mortalidade e nascidos vivos. Analisou-se a evitabilidade pela Lista Brasileira de Causas de Mortes Evitáveis por Intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para as análises estatísticas, utilizou-se o teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson e os riscos relativo e atribuível. Resultados: registraram-se 13.601 óbitos, sendo 10.497 (77,19%) por causas evitáveis. Do total, 5.513 (40,53%) eram reduzíveis por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação. Quanto menor a idade gestacional, o peso ao nascer e a escolaridade, maior o risco relativo e atribuível ao óbito nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. Conclusões: a maior parte dos óbitos foram considerados evitáveis e com elevados riscos relativo e atribuível. Esses óbitos precoces sugerem falhas assistenciais e a necessidade de reforçar as medidas de prevenção e tratamento.

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